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DOI https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.12557

Needle-free jet versus conventional needle injection for local anesthesia in men undergoing surgical sperm retrieval

L. D. Khoa1, T. N. Quang2, P. D. Toan1, N. M. T. Loc1, N. T. N. Diem1, V. Q. Dang1, H. N. A. Vu1, B. W. Mol3 and D. J. Handelsman4

  1. IVFMD, My Duc Hospital,
  2. Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam,
  3. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic,
  4. ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney and Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW, Australia
Abstract

Background
Surgical sperm retrieval, requiring local anesthetic injection, is the most frequent surgical procedure in male infertility. However, needle phobia is common and may contribute to negative experiences or refusal of procedures employing needle injection.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to compare the acceptability, safety, and efficacy of needle‐free jet anesthetic technique (MadaJet) with conventional needle injection for surgical sperm retrievals in patients with azoospermia.
Materials and methods
This single‐blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) was included of 59 participants who underwent surgical sperm retrievals. Patients were randomly assigned to the needle‐free jet (n = 29) or needle injection (n = 30) groups prior to undergoing the surgery. The primary endpoint was the pain score.
Results
Baseline characteristics were comparable between the two groups. The safety and adverse outcomes were also not statistically significant difference (p > 0.05). The pain score in patients using needle‐free jet was significantly lower than that in patients using needle injection (p < 0.05). Patients in MadaJet group had a significantly lower discomfort score during (p < 0.001) and after (p = 0.01) injection than those in the needle injection group. However, there was no significant difference in the fear score (before, during, and after) of MadaJet and needle injection (p = 0.98, p = 0.74, and p = 0.94, respectively). The mean time to onset of anesthesia was much shorter in the MadaJet group as compared with needle injection (10 ± 4 vs. 157.5 ± 71 s, p < 0.001). However, the duration of anesthesia in patients using MadaJet was shorter compared with those using needle injection (44 ± 13 vs. 63 ± 26 min, p < 0.001).
Conclusion
In conclusion, for local anesthesia in patients undergoing surgical sperm retrieval, MadaJet produces less pain and discomfort with quicker time to onset and offset of anesthesia compared with conventional needle injection.

KEYWORDS:

anesthetic technique, azoospermia, needle injection, needle-free jet, sperm retrieval

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